The holder owns an unsecured-in-form but collateral-secured debt claim on Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited — a blockchain-based tracker certificate / structured note whose redemption amount tracks the total return of the referenced share or ETF.
Understand ownership →Issuer programme dossier
Ondo Global Markets
The holder owns an unsecured-in-form but collateral-secured debt claim on Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited — a blockchain-based tracker certificate / structured note whose redemption amount tracks the total return of the referenced share or ETF.
The short answer
Only 'Onboarded Purchasers' who have completed the issuer's full KYC and satisfy the eligibility criteria (non-US person, not a Prohibited Person, and in several jurisdictions professional/accredited-investor status).
Understand redemption →Control is reported as observed powers, not collapsed into a score.
Understand issuer powers →Verified 2026-09-17: the reports are individual PDFs in a public Dropbox folder named ‘PUBLIC - Ondo Stocks Daily Reports’, 248 files from 2025-10-01 to 2026-09-15, filenames ‘Daily Report - Ondo Stocks - YYYY-MM-DD_20_00_ET - Ankura Attestation.pdf’ (earlier files use ‘OGM’).
Understand insolvency protection →Published claim ≠ observed reality
These are changes or conflicts in the outside world—not a history of edits to RWA Sonar’s own research.
README implies Pyth validates GM-token prices; the code uses an issuer-written stock price
The official programme README advertises “Price validation via Pyth oracle feeds with sanity checks” as a programme-wide oracle integration.
For GM stocks, the signed quote is checked against OracleSanityCheck.last_price, which Ondo role key 5NC6Q8… writes directly. The published source uses Pyth PriceUpdateV2 only in the separate USDC peg check—not as an independent equity-price oracle.
Why it matters: A holder should not read “Pyth” as independent validation of the referenced share price. Both the executable quote and its stock-price sanity anchor remain inside Ondo’s operational trust boundary.
Technology + legal templates
These conclusions apply only to the exact programme and observed control recipe shown.
Current Solana assets
280 exact token addresses currently inherit this issuer-level analysis unless an asset card records an exception.
- AAPLonAAPL
- ABNBonABNB
- ABTonABT
- DNNonDNN
- ADBEonADBE
- IRENonIREN
- AGGonAGG
- AMZNonAMZN
- MRNAonMRNA
- TQQQonTQQQ
- AMDonAMD
- ARMonARM
- AVGOonAVGO
- AXPonAXP
- BAonBA
- ASMLonASML
- BABAonBABA
- BIDUonBIDU
- BLKonBLK
- SYSBonSYSB
- FonF
- COINonCOIN
- IBITonIBIT
- COSTonCOST
- CRCLonCRCL
- HYDBonHYDB
- CRMonCRM
- CSCOonCSCO
- CEGonCEG
- AMATonAMAT
- ONDSonONDS
- CVXonCVX
- EEMonEEM
- CATonCAT
- EFAonEFA
- FUTUonFUTU
- +244 moreBrowse the complete catalogue
Legal claim and issuing chain
- Issuing entity
- Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited — BVI business company, bankruptcy-remote SPV, 90.01% owned by Flux Finance Inc. (Ondo Foundation subsidiary) and 9.99% by Ondo Finance Inc.; Ondo Finance Inc. (Greenwich, CT) acts as Tokenizer/service provider
- Entity jurisdiction
- British Virgin Islands
- Governing law
- Swiss law governs the form/transfer/cancellation of the tokens as Ledger-Based Securities under arts. 973d et seqq. CO, and governs the Sales Terms (arbitration: Swiss Rules, seat Zurich, English). Collateral Agreement and Alpaca account control agreement: New York law. BitGo account control agreement: South Dakota law. Administrative Services Agreement: Delaware law. Base Prospectus approved under EU Prospectus Regulation by the Liechtenstein FMA.
- Regulatory status
- Not a registered US offering. Tokens sold only outside the US under Regulation S; issuer not registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act. EU-facing: Base Prospectus for a 'Program for the issuance of tokenized Securities' approved by the Liechtenstein Financial Markets Authority on 11.11.2025 (valid to 11.11.2026), with per-asset Final Terms filed with the FMA and PRIIPs Key Information Documents; NVDAon carries ISIN VGG7001AAH73. Some assets carry an 'Admission to Trading Notice on Binance MTF in Abu Dhabi Global Market'. Ondo Finance Inc. filed a no-action request with SEC Trading & Markets on 2026-04-13 to tokenize the DTC security entitlements that collateralise OGM products (via its SEC-registered transfer agent Oasis Pro TA, LLC) — that request does not cover issuance of the OGM tokens themselves. Two pending or historical items. (1) A confidential SEC registration statement for Ondo Stocks was announced by Ondo on 2026-02-03 (blog datePublished 2026-02-03T15:15:00Z) which, once effective, on Ondo's own account "would make Ondo Stocks the first issuer of transferable tokenized stocks to be subject to the SEC's reporting requirements". Nothing published shows it has gone effective, so this is a pending and not currently effective. (2) The SEC is reported to have closed a multi-year investigation into Ondo Finance without charges — UNVERIFIED: no readable primary source was available, so the report remains undated; it concerned Ondo Finance Inc. and the ONDO token, not Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited or these tokens.
- Holder claim
- The holder owns an unsecured-in-form but collateral-secured debt claim on Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited — a blockchain-based tracker certificate / structured note whose redemption amount tracks the total return of the referenced share or ETF. The holder has a put option to redeem for cash/stablecoin at the tracked value, plus the benefit of a first-priority perfected security interest in the collateral held by Ankura Trust Company as Security Agent; the holder has no shareholder voting or information rights. Physical delivery of the underlying is excluded under the Sales Terms and no party may demand conversion into certificated, uncertificated or book-entry securities — with one documented exception outside the Sales Terms: authorized participants with a linked Alpaca brokerage account can redeem Ondo Stocks for the underlying securities through Alpaca's Instant Tokenization Network (ITN) on Ethereum and BNB Chain.
- Underlying custodian
- Alpaca Securities LLC (SEC-registered, FINRA member broker-dealer; New York) holds the equities/ETFs through the DTC indirect holding system and provides the trading/clearing accounts. BitGo Trust Company, Inc. (Sioux Falls, SD) holds fiat and stablecoins/tokens. The 2026-09-10 Ankura report also names SVB, Coinbase, Circle, Anchorage and a 'Bridge Account' and 'PSM' as holding locations for cash/stablecoins.
Redemption and holder eligibility
- Available
- Yes
- Eligibility
- Only 'Onboarded Purchasers' who have completed the issuer's full KYC and satisfy the eligibility criteria (non-US person, not a Prohibited Person, and in several jurisdictions professional/accredited-investor status). KYC is an express condition precedent to redemption, so a secondary-market buyer may hold a token it cannot redeem. Onboarding was institutional-only at the time of the Solana launch, with retail 'coming soon'.
- Route / rails
- On-chain atomic mint/redeem against USDon (the platform stablecoin), with USDC atomically swapped 1:1 to/from USDon via a stablecoin swapper (users are not whitelisted for that swap by default). Requires an off-chain signed attestation (secp256k1) from the Ondo GM API quoting price and amount, submitted to the on-chain program by a whitelisted address. For an ordinary Onboarded Purchaser redemption is for cash/stablecoin only, and the Sales Terms exclude physical delivery and bar any conversion into certificated, uncertificated or book-entry securities. Separately, Alpaca's Instant Tokenization Network lets authorized participants mint from, and redeem into, the underlying securities in a linked Alpaca brokerage account on Ethereum and BNB Chain (no Ondo fee for ITN mint/redeem). Bank wire redemption not supported.
- KYC
- Yes
- Minimum
- $1.00 USD to invest or redeem
- Fees
- Sales Terms define Purchaser Fees owed to the Issuer for issuance AND redemption of up to 0.1% of the market price of the Underlyings; no separate redemption fee is advertised in the docs, and Ondo also retains the spread between the quoted token price and the price at which it trades the underlying. Ondo charges no fee for mint/redeem through Alpaca's ITN channel. Investor pays gas. Dividends are reinvested net of 30% US withholding tax on the BVI issuer.
- Timing
- Not established
- Transfer mechanism
- freeze-authority
- US persons excluded
- Yes
Backing, custody and insolvency
- Collateral ratio
- 1:1+buffer
- Composition
- may-include-other
- Rehypothecation
- prohibited
- Bankruptcy remote
- Yes
- Security interest
- Yes
- Verification type
- daily-verification-agent
- Verification agent
- Ankura Trust Company, LLC (New Hampshire LLC, 140 Sherman Street, 4th Floor, Fairfield, CT 06824) — acts as both Verification Agent and Security Agent
- Verification frequency
- Daily, per Business Day, measured as of 8:00pm ET — but on a multi-day contractual clock: the Issuer owes Ankura the data by 11:59pm GMT on the THIRD Business Day after the Calculation Day (the "Report Day"), and Ankura's report is then due by 4:30pm GMT on the next calendar day after the Issuer Report Day. Monthly reconciliation: Issuer data within 15 days of month end, Ankura report within 5 Business Days thereafter. First Calculation Day 2025-10-01.
- Verification notes
- Verified 2026-09-17: the reports are individual PDFs in a public Dropbox folder named ‘PUBLIC - Ondo Stocks Daily Reports’, 248 files from 2025-10-01 to 2026-09-15, filenames ‘Daily Report - Ondo Stocks - YYYY-MM-DD_20_00_ET - Ankura Attestation.pdf’ (earlier files use ‘OGM’). The link is hardcoded in the app.ondo.finance asset-page JS bundle (chunk 3718-bc04a4affdc06794.js) behind CMS feature flag ‘showGmPdpAttestationLinks’ (enabled in prod); monthly reports are a second Dropbox folder (https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/7rlmba8f49nvbp3xwz1of/ABv0vSjd6cIDAUTIlwm2KwA?rlkey=hokf0tffqvezfmsto25cvpovs&dl=0). No API, no CSV/JSON, no Chainlink PoR, no on-chain reserve feed. Content is issuer-level, not per-mint: the 2026-09-15 report shows Total Assets $1,257,853,141.27 vs Total Liabilities $1,156,926,839.49 and an Asset-to-Obligation Ratio of 108.72%, covering Ondo Stocks, USDon and USDY together (the 2026-09-10 report: $1,229,196,568.57 / $1,137,983,260.72 / 108.02%). Ankura states it reviewed the figures ‘based solely on account data and reports submitted by Issuer or otherwise independently accessed ... through read-only access’ — a review, not an audit, and s.8.3 disclaims responsibility for the accuracy of what it is given. DISCREPANCY: Sales Terms s.8.1(b) requires posting to https://ondo.finance/global-markets; that page carries no report links at all (re-checked 2026-09-17: no occurrence of ‘Ankura’, ‘Dropbox’ or any attestation link). The publication lag is NOT a lapse: s.8.1(a) gives the Issuer until the third Business Day after each Calculation Day to deliver the data, so the 2026-09-15 report appearing on 2026-09-17 is within the contractual schedule.
Corporate actions and economics
- Dividends
- reinvested
- Voting
- preference-passthrough
- Corporate actions
- Voting: since 2026-04-28, via a Broadridge integration, tokenholders can express non-binding voting PREFERENCES to the issuer regarding the shares the issuer beneficially owns; the issuer has no legal obligation to follow them, and the holder has no shareholder voting right. Dividends are reinvested into the referenced stock net of withholding tax and expressed as an increase in the 'shares per token' multiplier; on Solana this is surfaced through the Token-2022 ScaledUiAmount extension, so the displayed balance grows rather than the price (NVDAon multiplier 1.0017152487959897, AAPLon 1.003376073740221, SPYon 1.0077209101501272, TSLAon 1.0 as read on-chain 2026-09-16). Stock splits are handled the same way. Trading is paused around ex-dividend dates (roughly 7:50-8:10pm ET the day before the ex-date) and halted for ETF distributions until the amount is known; assets enter a reduced-size 'limited' state around earnings. Halts are listed at status.ondo.finance. The issuer may replace the Underlying held as collateral, and may exercise an Issuer Call Option to terminate and redeem all (not part) of a token series after a Termination Notice.
- Pricing
- reference market: exchange-nbbo · arbitrageable: true · notes: Primary-market mint/redeem quotes are derived from the NYSE/NASDAQ price of the underlying plus the reinvested-dividend multiplier, delivered as a user- and mint-bound secp256k1 attestation with a short validity window and a spread retained by Ondo. The on-chain programme checks that quote against an issuer-written last_price, not a Pyth equity feed; Pyth is used only to check the USDC leg. The GM API exposes both 'primaryMarket' (token) and 'underlyingMarket' (off-chain stock) prices. Arbitrage between primary and secondary markets is available only to onboarded/whitelisted participants, so secondary DEX prices can drift: secondary liquidity is thin (Jupiter reported ~$491 of liquidity against ~$3.55m FDV for NVDAon on 2026-09-16). Trading follows US market sessions with an off-hours session; the issuer disclaims any representation about secondary-market price.
Primary documents and evidence
- Sales Terms of Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited, dated July 17, 2025 (marked CONFIDENTIAL but publicly linked from the asset pages)
- Base Prospectus — Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited, Program for the issuance of tokenized Securities, 11 November 2025 (approved by the Liechtenstein FMA)
- Supplement to the Base Prospectus dated 04.05.2026
- Final Terms for Product Nr. 1 NVDAon (ISIN VGG7001AAH73), dated 11.11.2025
- Key Information Document (PRIIPs KID) bundle for NVDAon
- Admission to Trading Notice on Binance MTF in Abu Dhabi Global Market (NVDAon)
- Legal notice (modal) for Ondo Stocks asset pages
- Ankura Trust Company daily verification reports — 'PUBLIC - Ondo Stocks Daily Reports' (245 PDFs, 2025-10-01 to 2026-09-10)
- Ankura Trust Company monthly reconciliation reports
- Ondo Stocks — Trust & Transparency (docs)
- Ondo Stocks — Legal & Regulatory (docs)
- Ondo Stocks — Eligibility / Prohibited Persons (docs)
- Ondo Stocks — Secondary Market Restrictions (docs)
- Ondo Stocks — Corporate Actions (dividends, Scaled UI, halts)
- GM Backend API — OpenAPI specification (prices, contract addresses, attestations, limits, status)
- Ondo Global Markets — Solana program source (Anchor, BUSL-1.1), documents the five Token-2022 extensions and the role/rate-limit/pause design
- Ondo Finance — No-Action Request: Broker-Dealer Support of Customers' Use of a Public Blockchain for Recordkeeping of Tokenized Security Entitlements, 13 April 2026 (SEC Crypto Task Force input)
- Ondo Finance — December 2025 submission to the SEC Crypto Task Force (the 'Roadmap')
- SEC Division of Corporation Finance — Staff Statement on Tokenized Securities, 2026-01-28. Relevant because Ondo is a third-party tokenizer of other issuers' shares, and the statement holds that 'the format in which a security is issued or the methods by which holders are recorded (e.g., onchain vs. offchain) does not affect application of the federal securities laws'.
- Ondo Global Markets: Access 200+ Tokenized U.S. Stocks and ETFs on Solana (Solana Foundation announcement)
- Ondo adds voting for tokenized stocks, with a catch (Broadridge non-binding preference passthrough, 2026-04-28)
- Ondo launches onshore US tokenized stocks with ownership rights (separate product, 2026-07-02, Oasis Pro TA)
- Ondo platform Terms of Service (Parts I and II) — the platform contract a holder accepts, distinct from the Sales Terms that govern the tokens
- Official Domains — the issuer's own canonical list of its domains, the only published defence against the lookalike-domain risk
- Smart Contract Audits — establishes that TEN audit reports are published for Ondo Stocks and that exactly three of them cover the Solana program (Zellic 2025-12-29, FYEO 2025-11-05, FYEO 2025-09-08)
- Zellic, Ondo Global Markets Solana Application Security Assessment, 2025-12-29 — the only Solana audit read in full: target gm-solana, program ondo-gm, version 77fb5bdd, 94pp
- FYEO Solana audit, 2025-11-05
- FYEO Solana audit, 2025-09-08 (filename misspells the firm as FEYO)
- Ondo GM Solana program repository — source for attestation verification, issuer-written stock-price sanity checks and the Pyth check used only for USDC
- Market Hours & Trading Availability — the halt taxonomy: session hours, NYSE holidays, proprietary platform- and asset-level risk thresholds, maintenance
- Token & Quote Pricing — the mint/redeem attestation price and the proprietary spread (quote size, target profit, 'several other proprietary considerations')
- Important Notes — the issuer's own consolidated caveat page for Ondo Stocks
- Troubleshooting — what the issuer tells a holder to do when a mint, redemption or transfer fails, i.e. the only published remedy path
- Ondo: Ondo Global Markets files (confidential) registration statement with the SEC — dated 2026-02-03, the source for the pending SEC-reporting status
- The Block: SEC ends Biden-era investigation into Ondo Finance without charges — UNREADABLE from here (HTTP 403 to a browser-UA fetch, 2026-09-18), so the closure and its date are unverified
- Alpaca Securities disclosures — the US broker-dealer leg of the collateral chain, for SIPC and account-protection scope
Open research questions (11)
- What is the numeric overcollateralisation factor for 'Other Collateral' per asset type? The Sales Terms say it is defined therein and varies, but the value was not located in the public text, and the daily report gives only a pooled Asset-to-Obligation Ratio (108.02% on 2026-09-10).
- How much of the collateral is actually the underlying shares versus permitted substitutes (cash, unlisted instruments, crypto assets)? The daily report shows a large stablecoin and cash component (~$66m USDC/USDT plus ~$35m Alpaca cash) but does not label any of it as Standard vs Other Collateral for a given series.
- Why are the Ankura reports not published at https://ondo.finance/global-markets as Sales Terms s.8.1(b) requires, and is the Dropbox folder considered contractual compliance? Also: is the 2-4 business day publication lag a process issue or a change in practice?
- Will a TransferHook program be installed on the Solana mints, and if so what will it enforce? The hook authority is set and press describes hooks as the compliance mechanism, but programId is null today — installing one would silently convert unconditionalTransfers from yes to no.
- Who beneficially controls Ondo's Squads members, its two direct Solana operational keys and its off-chain quote signer? The mint/scaled-UI/pause PDA and its programme are now resolved: root upgrade and role control is 4 of 7 with a two-hour timelock, operational mint/deploy is 4 of 6 with 15 minutes, freeze is 3 of 8, recovery/configuration is 4 of 7, whitelist administration is 2 of 6, and emergency pause is 1 of 9. Still unpublished are signer identities and custody/rotation policy, the owners of unilateral multiplier updater 5Azsc... and stock-reference-price setter 5NC6Q8..., and whether secp256k1 attestation signer 0xff2d04f6002c10eba702adafe2f43cac5996c477 uses HSM/MPC or one private key.
- The NVDAon Final Terms (11.11.2025) name Ethereum Mainnet only as the Blockchain. Have FMA-filed Final Terms been supplemented to cover the Solana issuance (Jan 2026), and does the Base Prospectus Supplement of 04.05.2026 do that?
- ANSWERED (2026-09-18): yes, published and dated, and the Solana program is covered — by three reports, none of them the Spearbit or Cyfrin ones. https://docs.ondo.finance/audits lists TEN reports under 'Ondo Stocks': February 2026 Cantina, December 2025 Zellic, two December 2025 Cantina, November 2025 Cantina, November 2025 FYEO, October 2025 Cantina, September 2025 FYEO, July 2025 Cyfrin and June 2025 Spearbit. Three carry Solana-specific reports: GM-Solana-Zellic-12-29-2025.pdf, GM-Solana-FYEO-11-05-2025.pdf and GM-Solana-FEYO-09-08-2025.pdf (the last filename misspells FYEO). The Zellic report was read for this pass: 'Ondo Global Markets Solana Application Security Assessment', dated December 29, 2025, target 'gm-solana', 94 pages, 2.4 person-weeks over 1.2 calendar weeks, program 'ondo-gm', version 77fb5bdd0d192c3e0849ed331d9c2228b5eaa202. One loose end: the repository it names, github.com/ondoprotocol/gm-solana, returns 404 from the GitHub API today, while the public github.com/ondoprotocol/global-markets-solana was created 2025-12-29 — the same date the report carries — so the audited tree and the published tree are not demonstrably the same code.
- Is there an annual audited financial statement for Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited? The docs promise annual independent audits 'made available to investors' but none was found published.
- Practical effect of the Prohibited-Persons clause: a secondary buyer can receive the token but 'shall have no rights under any Offering Documents'. Does the issuer track and act on this, and how would it treat a chain of transfers through an ineligible holder?
- The 2026-04-13 SEC no-action request would put the collateral security entitlements on Ethereum via Oasis Pro TA. Has the SEC responded, and would that change the OGM holder's claim?
- Broadridge voting-preference passthrough (live 2026-04-28): does it require KYC/onboarding, a minimum holding, or an Ondo account, and is it available to Solana holders? The issuer's discretion to disregard preferences is not quantified or reported on.