Technology + legal template
Synthetic pre-IPO exposure with discretionary operator redemption
The balance is technically escrowable, but transfer fees, rebases, pause and clawback all require custom support. More importantly, seizing the token gives the lender synthetic exposure rather than a proprietary claim, and redemption remains operator-dependent.
PreStockstoken-2022 · pausable + clawback + transfer-fee + rebaseDeFi warningReviewed 19 Sep 2026
What this analysis covers
8 current token addresses across 8 underlyings inherit this analysis.
Exceptions: none recorded. An asset-specific conclusion must be shown here before it overrides the inherited template.
Traceable conclusions
Each conclusion carries its classification, exact supporting words, source authority, location, governing law, holder scope and review date. A document saying something is not the same as an independently observed outcome.
Issuer / document assertionWhat the holder owns
A bearer Token-2022 token that "reference[s] economic exposure to designated pre-IPO companies" and confers "no ownership, voting, dividend, information, or other legal rights". The ToS grants no proprietary interest in any SPV, share or asset; the holder's only stated entitlement is to request redemption for USDC "or another mutually agreed form of value", which the operator may satisfy instead by pointing the holder at on-chain liquidity.
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Holder scope
- non-US persons; everyone (no KYC)
- Reviewed
- 19 Sep 2026
Evidence and exact clauses (4)
Issuer / document assertionlegalForm
Tokens are intended to be collateralized by corresponding economic exposure. That exposure may take any one or more forms, or a combination of forms, that we consider appropriate from time to time, including but not limited to a direct or indirect interest in one or more SPVs, funds, feeders, series, nominee, trust, or custodial arrangements
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionholderClaim
Pre-IPO Tokens (branded as “PreStocks”; in this Section, “Tokens”) are bearer digital tokens that reference economic exposure to designated pre-IPO companies.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionholderClaim
holding Tokens does not give you any legal, equitable, beneficial, security, or proprietary interest in, or claim over, any collateralizing asset, arrangement, or proceeds, except to the extent these Terms expressly provide otherwise
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionholderClaim
They do not confer any ownership, voting, dividend, information, or other legal rights.
PreStocks FAQ (Overview / Mechanics / Legal) · FAQ question 'What rights do I get as a PreStocks holder?' · Official operational documentation · precedence 5 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionWho owes or records the right
Not named. ToS: "PreStocks is a distributed network of contributors located around the world who collaborate primarily through digital means." No incorporated issuer, SPV sponsor or counterparty is identified anywhere in the public materials.
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Holder scope
- non-US persons; everyone (no KYC)
- Reviewed
- 19 Sep 2026
Evidence and exact clauses (2)
Issuer / document assertionissuingEntity
These terms of service are entered into by and between you (“you” or the “User”) and PreStocks (“PreStocks,” “we,” “our,” or “us”). PreStocks is a distributed network of contributors located around the world who collaborate primarily through digital means.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Acceptance of These Terms of Service' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionissuingEntity
PreStocks debuted in August 2025 with backing from Republic Capital and is led by CEO Xavier Ekkel.
CoinDesk: Anthropic, OpenAI tokens plunge as AI firms say pre-IPO share transfers are invalid · final body paragraph · Third-party claim · precedence 6 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Unresolved questionPosition if an intermediary fails
A bearer Token-2022 token that "reference[s] economic exposure to designated pre-IPO companies" and confers "no ownership, voting, dividend, information, or other legal rights". The ToS grants no proprietary interest in any SPV, share or asset; the holder's only stated entitlement is to request redemption for USDC "or another mutually agreed form of value", which the operator may satisfy instead by pointing the holder at on-chain liquidity.
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Holder scope
- non-US persons; everyone (no KYC)
- Reviewed
- 19 Sep 2026
Evidence and exact clauses (5)
Issuer / document assertionbankruptcyRemote
Collateralization describes the economic and operational arrangements we maintain. It does not of itself create a security interest, trust, custody relationship, or segregated, ring-fenced, or bankruptcy-remote claim
PreStocks Terms of Service — the CANONICAL location, a Notion page: the only place the full 231-block text can be read, and the one the watcher now holds a version of (url.prestocks.com/terms-of-service 308-redirects here) · § Pre-IPO Tokens, collateralization paragraph (stored text stocks/data/sources/a8e7a0ee14a8/2026-09-18T11-41-50Z.txt, verified with watch.mjs quoteFound) · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 18 Sep 2026
Unresolved questionsecurityInterest.exists
Collateralization describes the economic and operational arrangements we maintain. It does not of itself create a security interest, trust, custody relationship, or segregated, ring-fenced, or bankruptcy-remote claim
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionsecurityInterest.holder
It does not of itself create a security interest, trust, custody relationship, or segregated, ring-fenced, or bankruptcy-remote claim
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Unresolved questionsecurityInterest.priority
These Terms do not constitute a guarantee, insurance policy, or underwriting of the existence, validity, sufficiency, recoverability, or continued availability of any collateralizing exposure.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
1 additional supporting claim remain in the source register.
Unresolved questionHow value can leave the wrapper
USDC or "another mutually agreed form of value"; alternatively realisation via on-chain liquidity, conversions, wraps, migrations or exchanges. Post-IPO the stated path is conversion into an equivalent tokenized public stock rather than cash.
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Holder scope
- non-US persons; everyone (no KYC)
- Reviewed
- 19 Sep 2026
Evidence and exact clauses (11)
Issuer / document assertionredemption.available
A holder may request redemption of Tokens for USDC or another mutually agreed form of value.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionredemption.eligibility
A request for redemption does not of itself create an entitlement to have Tokens redeemed, and the absence, delay, or unavailability of redemption does not of itself give rise to any claim.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionredemption.eligibility
Which of those paths is used in any particular case, including whether a requested redemption is the path used, depends on those circumstances.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionredemption.rails
Realization of value may take the form of a processed redemption; onchain liquidity, including trading, market-making, or liquidity-pool activity on any venue; onchain conversions, wraps, unwraps, migrations, or exchanges into another asset or Token; or a combination of these, depending on operational, legal, and market circumstances.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Pre-IPO Tokens' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
7 additional supporting claims remain in the source register.
Unresolved questionWho can hold and enforce
permanent-delegate
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Holder scope
- non-US persons; everyone (no KYC)
- Reviewed
- 19 Sep 2026
Evidence and exact clauses (8)
Unresolved questiongoverningLaw
All matters relating to the Website and these Terms of Service, and any dispute or claim arising therefrom or related thereto (in each case, including non-contractual disputes or claims), shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Governing Law and Jurisdiction' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertiongoverningLaw
If the dispute cannot be resolved within 30 days of initiating these negotiations, it shall be finally resolved by binding arbitration by the London Court of International Arbitration under its Rules of Arbitration. The seat of arbitration shall be London, England, the language of arbitration will be English, and the tribunal shall consist of a sole arbitrator.
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Dispute Resolution and Arbitration' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertiontransferRestrictions.usPersonsExcluded
The Services are not offered to, and must not be accessed or used by, any person or entity that is a citizen or resident of, incorporated in, or physically located within the following jurisdictions (“Prohibited Jurisdictions”)
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Prohibited Jurisdictions' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertiontransferRestrictions.usPersonsExcluded
I am not a U.S. person. I will access and use the Services only where it is lawful for me to do so, now and in the future. I am not a Restricted Person and am not located in, a citizen or resident of, or otherwise subject to the laws of any Prohibited Jurisdiction
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Participant Agreement' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
4 additional supporting claims remain in the source register.
Unresolved questionHow shareholder economics pass through
IPO: underlying positions become convertible on-chain (without KYC) into an equivalent tokenized public stock; typical 6-month post-IPO lockup during which the token may trade at a discount; holders have 9 months post-IPO (3 months after lockup) to convert, after which "the tokens will expire worthless and will no longer be supported". M&A: cash deals distribute net proceeds pro rata as USDC; equity deals may become convertible into a tokenized version of the acquirer's equity "if we create and support one", with a 6-month conversion window, then expiry. Separately, balances can be restated unilaterally through the scaledUiAmountConfig multiplier, and this has happened twice: SPACEX x5 effective 2026-06-10T04:30:00Z and OPENAI x1.4861347 effective 2026-07-17T16:30:00Z. Neither was explained publicly.
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Holder scope
- non-US persons; everyone (no KYC)
- Reviewed
- 19 Sep 2026
Evidence and exact clauses (5)
Issuer / document assertiondividends
no entitlement to dividends, distributions, interest, yield, or proceeds of any corporate action
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Nature of the tokens; absence of rights' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertionvoting
no voting, consent, governance, board, inspection, information, notice, pre-emption, tag-along, drag-along, anti-dilution, appraisal, or registration rights
PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08) · section heading 'Nature of the tokens; absence of rights' · Binding legal terms · precedence 3 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Unresolved questioncorporateActions
scaledUiAmountConfig: { multiplier: "1", newMultiplier: "5", newMultiplierEffectiveTimestamp: 1781065800 }
https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com · rpc:getAccountInfo PreANxuXjsy2pvisWWMNB6YaJNzr7681wJJr2rHsfTh extension scaledUiAmountConfig · Observed on-chain configuration · precedence 4 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Issuer / document assertioncorporateActions
Holders will have up to 9 months after IPO (3 months after the 6 month lockup period) to convert their PreStocks tokens into the equivalent tokenized public stock. After the 9-month post-IPO conversion deadline, the tokens will expire worthless and will no longer be supported.
PreStocks FAQ (Overview / Mechanics / Legal) · FAQ question 'What happens if the company goes public?' · Official operational documentation · precedence 5 · checked 17 Sep 2026
1 additional supporting claim remain in the source register.
Observed factWho can override token custody
permanentDelegate (clawback - delegate WV9PJN7XTmTLVwbutCLFxp8TyePee6Xq5mRq6Fti5Wc); pausableConfig (global transfer pause, currently paused=false); transferFeeConfig (50 bps, max fee u64::MAX; previously 0 bps); transferHook (authority set, programId null - not currently enforcing); defaultAccountState (initialized - new accounts are NOT frozen by default); scaledUiAmountConfig (balance restatement; SPACEX newMultiplier 5 effective 2026-06-10T04:30:00Z and OPENAI newMultiplier 1.4861347 effective 2026-07-17T16:30:00Z; the other six mints read multiplier 1 with no pending change); confidentialTransferMint; confidentialTransferFeeConfig; metadataPointer; tokenMetadata
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Holder scope
- non-US persons; everyone (no KYC)
- Reviewed
- 19 Sep 2026
Evidence and exact clauses (4)
Observed factkeyGovernance.delegate
Program SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf invoke [1] / Program log: Instruction: VaultTransactionExecute / Program log: TransferFeeInstruction: WithdrawWithheldTokensFromMint
https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com · rpc:getTransaction 5sEDkyX8BGoVdg5Y2Q5uaW6Gr9wMSfjXYZ73h7tjrjYjWyQx6yPfdvg9NaRmDdUG6aUErveitTybEJkYKVy5WD7v meta.logMessages · Observed on-chain configuration · precedence 4 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Observed factkeyGovernance.mint
mintAuthority: WV9PJN7XTmTLVwbutCLFxp8TyePee6Xq5mRq6Fti5Wc
https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com · rpc:getAccountInfo PresTj4Yc2bAR197Er7wz4UUKSfqt6FryBEdAriBoQB field mintAuthority · Observed on-chain configuration · precedence 4 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Observed factkeyGovernance.freeze
freezeAuthority: WV9PJN7XTmTLVwbutCLFxp8TyePee6Xq5mRq6Fti5Wc
https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com · rpc:getAccountInfo PresTj4Yc2bAR197Er7wz4UUKSfqt6FryBEdAriBoQB field freezeAuthority · Observed on-chain configuration · precedence 4 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Observed factkeyGovernance.rebase
"extension":"scaledUiAmountConfig","state":{"authority":"WV9PJN7XTmTLVwbutCLFxp8TyePee6Xq5mRq6Fti5Wc","multiplier":"1","newMultiplier":"5","newMultiplierEffectiveTimestamp":1781065800}
https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com · rpc:getAccountInfo PreANxuXjsy2pvisWWMNB6YaJNzr7681wJJr2rHsfTh extension scaledUiAmountConfig · Observed on-chain configuration · precedence 4 · checked 17 Sep 2026
Evidence confidence
Confidence is stated per conclusion type. It is not collapsed into one score.
Ownership and claimBinding legal terms6 sourced claims · checked 17 Sep 2026Custody and insolvencyBinding legal terms10 sourced claims · 1 corrected/conflicting · checked 18 Sep 2026Jurisdiction and eligibilityBinding legal terms10 sourced claims · 1 corrected/conflicting · checked 17 Sep 2026RedemptionBinding legal terms11 sourced claims · checked 17 Sep 2026Corporate actionsBinding legal terms5 sourced claims · 1 corrected/conflicting · checked 17 Sep 2026Technical controlObserved on-chain configuration4 sourced claims · checked 17 Sep 2026 Complete claim chain
Possessing the token is only the first link. Each intermediary can add a separate contract, governing law and failure dependency.
Underlying legal/economic rightToken holder
Underlying company- Anduril
- Anthropic
- Figure AI
- Kalshi
- Neuralink
- OpenAI
- Polymarket
- SpaceXDelaware, USA
share or referenced security→
Custodian or prime brokerNo named party established.
custody account or security entitlement→
Token issuerNo named party established.
contractual claim and issuance→
Token program and keysNo named party established.
on-chain balance and transfer controls→
Holder- non-US persons
- everyone (no KYC)
Parties that can interrupt or enforce the chain
Wallet or venueJupiter; RaydiumAffects Price and reserve verificationTokenization providerUnnamed dependencyAffects Issuance and redemption, Transfer and control, Regulatory permission and disclosureTransfer agentUnnamed dependencyAffects Voting and information rightsSecurity agent or trusteeUnnamed dependencyAffects Security interestAttestor or oracleUnnamed dependencyAffects Price and reserve verificationLaw, regulator and courtsUnnamed dependencyAffects Regulatory permission and disclosure Rights flowing through the chain (9)
- Ownership of the underlyingdocumented · attested
Ownership of the underlying: Underlying company → Custodian or prime broker → Token issuer → Token program and keys → Holder. legalForm=spv-synthetic; holderClaim=A bearer Token-2022 token that "reference[s] economic exposure to designated pre-IPO companies" and confers "no ownersh…; underlyingCustodian=Undisclosed by design. FAQ: "Counterparty legal names are not disclosed because they require contractual confidentialit…; collateral.ratio=unknown; collateral.composition=may-include-other
- Security interestdocumented · self-reported
Security interest: Token issuer → Security agent or trustee → Holder. securityInterest.exists=no; securityInterest.priority=unknown; bankruptcyRemote=no
- Issuance and redemptiondocumented · onchain
Issuance and redemption: Holder → Tokenization provider → Token issuer. redemption.available=yes; redemption.eligibility=Any non-US, non-Restricted holder "may request redemption" - discretionary, not an entitlement. Which path is used "dep…; redemption.rails=USDC or "another mutually agreed form of value"; alternatively realisation via on-chain liquidity, conversions, wraps, …; redemption.fees=Unbounded and unilateral. ToS reserves redemption, settlement, conversion and withdrawal fees plus markups/spreads, enf…; redemption.minimum=unknown
- Transfer and controldocumented · onchain
Transfer and control: Holder → Token program and keys → Tokenization provider. transferRestrictions.allowlist=no; transferRestrictions.kycToHold=no; transferRestrictions.mechanism=permanent-delegate; keyGovernance.freeze=multisig; keyGovernance.delegate=multisig; knownExtensions=permanentDelegate (clawback - delegate WV9PJN7XTmTLVwbutCLFxp8TyePee6Xq5mRq6Fti5Wc), pausableConfig (global transfer pa…
- Dividends and cash entitlementsdocumented · onchain
Dividends and cash entitlements: Underlying company → Custodian or prime broker → Token issuer → Token program and keys → Holder. dividends=none; corporateActions=IPO: underlying positions become convertible on-chain (without KYC) into an equivalent tokenized public stock; typical …; keyGovernance.rebase=multisig
- Voting and information rightsdocumented · attested
Voting and information rights: Underlying company → Custodian or prime broker → Token issuer → Transfer agent → Holder. voting=none
- Corporate actionsdocumented · onchain
Corporate actions: Underlying company → Custodian or prime broker → Token issuer → Token program and keys → Holder. corporateActions=IPO: underlying positions become convertible on-chain (without KYC) into an equivalent tokenized public stock; typical …; keyGovernance.rebase=multisig
- Price and reserve verificationdocumented · attested
Price and reserve verification: Reference market → Attestor or oracle → Wallet or venue → Holder. pricing.referenceMarket=platform-mark; pricing.arbitrageable=yes; custodyVerification.type=auditor-attestation; custodyVerification.agent=unnamed third-party attestor (promised, not identified); custodyVerification.frequency="published periodically or available on request if costs are covered" (FAQ) - no cadence committed
- Regulatory permission and disclosuredocumented · self-reported
Regulatory permission and disclosure: Law, regulator and courts → Token issuer → Tokenization provider → Holder. regulatoryStatus=Unlicensed and self-disclaiming. Site disclaimer: "PreStocks is not a broker-dealer, investment advisor, exchange opera…; governingLaw=British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and …; transferRestrictions.usPersonsExcluded=yes; documents=[{"title":"PreStocks Terms of Service (last updated 2026-09-08)","type":"terms","url":"https://url.prestocks.com/terms-…
Jurisdiction and holder eligibility
Governing scope
- Entity jurisdictions
- unknown - undisclosed. ToS states components "may be operated, performed, or provided by different legal entities in different jurisdictions" and that the entity contracting with the user "may differ between products, tokens, jurisdictions, and points in time, and may be added, removed, substituted, restructured, or replaced at any time without notice".
- Governing law
- British Virgin Islands law. ToS s.“Governing Law and Jurisdiction”: all matters and disputes "shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands". Note the BVI is simultaneously on the Prohibited Jurisdictions list. Disputes go to good-faith negotiation for 30 days, then binding arbitration under the London Court of International Arbitration Rules; seat London, England; sole arbitrator; English language; individual basis only (no class actions), with the courts of the British Virgin Islands taking exclusive jurisdiction over any claim for which the class-action waiver is held unenforceable. What is still missing is the counterparty, not the law: no issuing entity or jurisdiction of incorporation is named.
- Allowlist
- no
- KYC to hold
- no
- US persons excluded
- yes
- On-chain mechanism
- permanent-delegate
Eligible holder classes
- non-US persons
US persons are excluded and the ToS asserts ‘All blockchain transfers via the Services are secondary transfers effected outside the United States and are not primary offerings to U.S. persons’ — a Regulation S-style posture that never names Reg S. Panama and Singapore are also prohibited jurisdictions, which is where Tessera is incorporated.
source ↗ - everyone (no KYC)
‘Buying and selling onchain in DeFi (peer-to-peer) does not require KYC.’ Nothing gates a transfer: defaultAccountState is initialized, the transfer hook has a null programId and there is no allowlist — only a 50 bps on-chain transfer fee.
source ↗
A wallet may be technically able to receive a token while its owner is contractually ineligible, unable to redeem, or excluded from rights under the governing documents.
Insolvency and enforcement
Estate exposedNo bankruptcy-remoteness conclusion protects the holder from issuer-estate exposure.
- Bankruptcy remote
- no
- Security interest
- no
- Security holder
- —
- Recorded priority
- unknown
- Collateral ratio
- unknown
- Collateral composition
- may-include-other
- Rehypothecation
- undisclosed
- On-loan amount disclosed
- no
- Segregation / trust evidence
- —
- Omnibus / commingling evidence
- —
- Perfection / priority evidence
- —
- Custodian lien / set-off evidence
- —
- Who can enforce
- No separate enforcement representative is structured here; standing depends on the holder claim and governing terms reproduced above.
Holder standing
A bearer Token-2022 token that "reference[s] economic exposure to designated pre-IPO companies" and confers "no ownership, voting, dividend, information, or other legal rights". The ToS grants no proprietary interest in any SPV, share or asset; the holder's only stated entitlement is to request redemption for USDC "or another mutually agreed form of value", which the operator may satisfy instead by pointing the holder at on-chain liquidity.
A contractual label such as “segregated”, “trust” or “first priority” is not treated as a court-tested insolvency result unless the dossier records that authority.
Corporate actions
Issuer or contract mediated
- Dividends
- none
- Voting
- none
- Other corporate actions
- IPO: underlying positions become convertible on-chain (without KYC) into an equivalent tokenized public stock; typical 6-month post-IPO lockup during which the token may trade at a discount; holders have 9 months post-IPO (3 months after lockup) to convert, after which "the tokens will expire worthless and will no longer be supported". M&A: cash deals distribute net proceeds pro rata as USDC; equity deals may become convertible into a tokenized version of the acquirer's equity "if we create and support one", with a 6-month conversion window, then expiry. Separately, balances can be restated unilaterally through the scaledUiAmountConfig multiplier, and this has happened twice: SPACEX x5 effective 2026-06-10T04:30:00Z and OPENAI x1.4861347 effective 2026-07-17T16:30:00Z. Neither was explained publicly.
Economic equivalence may be delivered by cash, balance adjustment or issuer calculation; it is not assumed to reproduce the underlying shareholder right.
Redemption path
Documented processA redemption process is documented, but no independently observed completed redemption is recorded.
- Available
- yes
- Eligibility
- Any non-US, non-Restricted holder "may request redemption" - discretionary, not an entitlement. Which path is used "depends on those circumstances"; the operator may direct the holder to on-chain liquidity instead of processing a redemption.
- Route
- USDC or "another mutually agreed form of value"; alternatively realisation via on-chain liquidity, conversions, wraps, migrations or exchanges. Post-IPO the stated path is conversion into an equivalent tokenized public stock rather than cash.
- KYC
- —
- Minimum
- unknown
- Fees
- Unbounded and unilateral. ToS reserves redemption, settlement, conversion and withdrawal fees plus markups/spreads, enforced "at the token, smart-contract, or program level" via transfer-fee configurations and hooks, changeable "without prior notice and without your consent", with no obligation "to publish, itemize, or explain the basis of any fee". Observed on-chain: 50 bps transfer fee, raised from 0 bps (fee epoch 848 -> 1032).
- Timing / SLA
- —
- Notes
- —
Source authority and precedence
The conclusion follows the highest-authority source applicable to the specific product, holder and issue. A technical capability cannot create a legal right, and marketing cannot override operative terms.
- 1
Mandatory law, court orders and official registersThese can override private terms and determine legal title, perfection, insolvency priority or eligibility.
- 2
Product-specific final terms and operative agreementsThe document governing this product or series controls over a general description, subject to mandatory law.
- 3
Base prospectus and binding programme termsThese govern the programme except where valid product-specific terms supplement or disapply them.
- 4
On-chain stateAuthoritative for what the program and current keys can technically do, but not by itself for legal ownership or enforceability.
- 5
Official operating documentation and attestationsEvidence of process or reserves; it cannot silently enlarge rights excluded by the controlling legal documents.
- 6
Marketing, press and third-party descriptionsUseful context only. A conflict is resolved in favour of the higher-authority source and remains visibly recorded.
Recorded conflicts and corrections
- governingLaw · contradicted-corrected
CORRECTION: the dossier said "No substantive governing law is stated." The Terms of Service last updated 2026-09-08 carry a Governing Law and Jurisdiction section electing British Virgin Islands internal law; BVI courts also take exclusive jurisdiction if the class-action waiver fails. Field rewritten to state BVI law first and keep the LCIA seat as the forum.
source ↗ - custodyVerification.type · contradicted-corrected
CORRECTION to incidents[3] wording, not to this field: the sitemap lists only the home page, /products and the nine per-company pages (anduril, anthropic, figureai, kalshi, neuralink, openai, polymarket, spacex, xai). It does NOT list /ecosystem or /faq, contrary to the dossier text. Re-verified 2026-09-17: /attestations, /transparency, /proof-of-reserve and /reserves all still return HTTP 404.
source ↗ - securityInterest.exists · contradicted-corrected
CORRECTION 2026-09-18: was null, on the reasoning that nothing states what a holder ranks as INSTEAD. That confuses two questions. The Terms answer this one in their own words — "It does not of itself create a security interest" — so false is what the document says; what remains unknown is the ranking, which is securityInterest.priority and stays "unknown". Re-read in the stored text of the Notion original (https://prestocks.notion.site/terms-of-service, fetched 2026-09-18T11:41:50Z) and verified verbatim with watch.mjs quoteFound. bankruptcyRemote is corrected from null to false by the same sentence.
source ↗ - corporateActions · contradicted-corrected
NEW FACT the dossier did not have: the SPACEX mint carries a pending-then-effective 5x rebase, newMultiplierEffectiveTimestamp 1781065800 = 2026-06-10T04:30:00Z. corporateActions and knownExtensions previously mentioned only the OPENAI 1.4861347 rebase; both now record SPACEX x5 as well. OPENAI re-read as multiplier 1 -> newMultiplier 1.4861347 effective 1784305800 = 2026-07-17T16:30:00Z, exactly as the dossier said. The other six mints read 1 -> 1 with effective timestamp 0.
source ↗ - parties.distributors · contradicted-corrected
CORRECTION: the Raydium entry’s note said Raydium is "Named in the FAQ among the Solana venues where the tokens trade." The FAQ names only Jupiter. Raydium appears on https://prestocks.com/ecosystem, in the Liquidity category of a 71-entry list; the note now cites that page.
source ↗ - vocabulary.presetJurisdiction.value · contradicted-corrected
The value "no" stands, but its stated reason did not: the reason said "no substantive governing law are stated". British Virgin Islands law IS elected (Governing Law and Jurisdiction). The reason has been rewritten to rest on the absence of a named issuing entity and jurisdiction of incorporation, with BVI law and the LCIA seat noted as the fixed legal locus.
source ↗
Document register
“Not structured” is a visible evidence gap: a date in a title is not silently promoted into metadata.
Open questions
- Who actually issues the tokens? No legal entity is named anywhere; "a distributed network of contributors" is not a counterparty a holder could sue, and the LCIA clause names no respondent.
- Which holding entities hold the exposure, and in what form? Names are withheld as policy, so the 1:1 backing claim in the API description is unverifiable in principle, not just in practice.
- Is ANTHROPIC exposure backed at all after Anthropic declared SPV transfers void under its transfer restrictions? The token still trades and the supply was never reduced.
- Has any attestation report ever been produced to any holder on request, and at what cost?
- Why was the OPENAI scaledUiAmount multiplier set to 1.4861347 on 2026-07-17 - a share split at OpenAI, a restatement of units per token, or a correction of over/under-collateralisation?
- RESOLVED, kept for the record: the ToS last updated 2026-09-08 does elect a substantive law - the internal laws of the British Virgin Islands - with LCIA arbitration seated in London and BVI courts as the fallback forum. The BVI is also a Prohibited Jurisdiction under the same document. What remains unanswered is who the BVI-law counterparty is.
- RESTATED (2026-09-18), not answered: the question is not why SPACEX trades about 21% below the issuer's own mark but why the dislocation runs BOTH ways at once — OPENAI +11.4% and NEURALINK +14.8% above the mark on the same read that has SPACEX -21.9% below it. A one-way friction (redemption gated, minting open, or the reverse) cannot produce both signs simultaneously, so either the mark is wrong for some names, the mint and redeem paths are both discretionary in practice, or the arbitrage described in the FAQ is not being performed at all. The FAQ describes the mechanism; nothing published evidences a single completed arbitrage.
- xAI has a live product page in sitemap.xml but no API entry or mint - is it unlaunched, delisted, or was it withdrawn?